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Microbiota-Mitochondria Inter-Talk: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

机译:Microbiota-mitochondria互谈:肥胖症和2型糖尿病的潜在治疗策略

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摘要

The rising prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing concern worldwide. New discoveries in the field of metagenomics and clinical research have revealed that the gut microbiota plays a key role in these metabolic disorders. The mechanisms regulating microbiota composition are multifactorial and include resistance to stress, presence of pathogens, diet, cultural habits and general health conditions. Recent evidence has shed light on the influence of microbiota quality and diversity on mitochondrial functions. Of note, the gut microbiota has been shown to regulate crucial transcription factors, coactivators, as well as enzymes implicated in mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism. Moreover, microbiota metabolites seem to interfere with mitochondrial oxidativeitrosative stress and autophagosome formation, thus regulating the activation of the inflammasome and the production of inflammatory cytokines, key players in chronic metabolic disorders. This review focuses on the association between intestinal microbiota and mitochondrial function and examines the mechanisms that may be the key to their use as potential therapeutic strategies in obesity and T2D management.
机译:肥胖症的渐渐增长和2型糖尿病(T2D)是全世界越来越多的关注。术语中的新发现和临床研究领域揭示了肠道微生物群在这些代谢障碍中发挥着关键作用。调节微生物群组合的机制是多因素,包括抗应力,病原体,饮食,文化习惯和一般健康状况的抵抗力。最近的证据表明了微生物群质量和多样性对线粒体功能的影响。值得注意的是,肠道微生物群已被证明调节关键转录因子,共粘活化剂,以及涉及线粒体生物发生和代谢的酶。此外,微生物群代谢产物似乎干扰线粒体氧化/亚硝基胁迫和自噬体形成,从而调节炎症组的激活和炎症细胞因子的产生,慢性代谢障碍的关键参与者。本综述重点介绍肠道微生物群和线粒体功能之间的关联,并审查可能是它们在肥胖和T2D管理中潜在治疗策略的关键的机制。

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