Clinical development of immunotherapies for HER2+ breast cancer: a review of HER2-directed monoclonal antibodies and beyond

摘要

HER2 antigen is processed by APC, leading to activation of cellular cytotoxic adaptive response (i.e., Th1 response mediated by CD4+ helper lymphocytes). CD8+ CTL can recognize the HER2 antigen through MHC I, leading to cytotoxic activity; breast cancer PD-L1 inhibitory activity and NK activation and function are also shown. The arrow depicts stimulatory effect.