Understanding what leads people to reverse their choices is important in many domains. We introduce a contrast paradigm for studying reversals in choices—here between pairs of abstract paintings—implemented in both within-subject (Experiment 1; N = 320) and between-subject (Experiment 2; N = 384) designs. On each trial, participants chose between a pair of paintings. A critical pair of average-beauty paintings was presented before and after either a reversal or control block. In the reversal block, we made efforts to bias preference away from the chosen average-beauty painting (by pairing it with more-beautiful paintings) and toward the non-chosen average-beauty painting (by pairing it with less-beautiful paintings). Meta-analysis revealed more reversals after reversal blocks than after control blocks, though only when the biasing manipulations succeeded. A second meta-analysis revealed that reversals were generally more likely for participants who later misidentified their initial choice, demonstrating that memory for initial choices influences later choices. Thus, the contrast paradigm has utility both for inducing choice reversals and identifying their causes.
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机译：在许多领域，了解导致人们改变选择的原因很重要。我们介绍了一种对比范式，用于研究在对象内部（实验1； N = 320）和对象间（实验2； N = 384）设计中实现的选择之间的逆转（这里是在成对的抽象画之间）。在每次试验中，参与者都在一对画作之间进行选择。在反转或控制块之前和之后，展示了一对关键的平均美绘画。在逆转区块中，我们努力使偏好从已选择的平均美绘画（通过与更美丽的绘画配对）转向偏爱未选择的平均美绘画（通过将其与不太美丽的绘画配对）。荟萃分析显示，与仅在偏置操作成功时相比，反转块后的反转量要多于对照块后的反转量。第二项荟萃分析显示，对于后来误认其初始选择的参与者而言，逆转通常更可能发生，这表明初始选择的记忆会影响后来的选择。因此，对比范式既可用于诱导选择逆转，也可用于识别其原因。
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