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On the Existence of Low-Mass Dark Matter and its Direct Detection

机译:低质量暗物质的存在及其直接检测

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摘要

Dark Matter (DM) is an elusive form of matter which has been postulated to explain astronomical observations through its gravitational effects on stars and galaxies, gravitational lensing of light around these, and through its imprint on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). This indirect evidence implies that DM accounts for as much as 84.5% of all matter in our Universe, yet it has so far evaded all attempts at direct detection, leaving such confirmation and the consequent discovery of its nature as one of the biggest challenges in modern physics. Here we present a novel form of low-mass DM χ that would have been missed by all experiments so far. While its large interaction strength might at first seem unlikely, neither constraints from particle physics nor cosmological/astronomical observations are sufficient to rule out this type of DM, and it motivates our proposal for direct detection by optomechanics technology which should soon be within reach, namely, through the precise position measurement of a levitated mesoscopic particle which will be perturbed by elastic collisions with χ particles. We show that a recently proposed nanoparticle matter-wave interferometer, originally conceived for tests of the quantum superposition principle, is sensitive to these collisions, too.
机译:暗物质(DM)是一种难以捉摸的物质,被认为通过对恒星和星系的引力作用,围绕它们的光的引力透镜作用以及在宇宙微波背景(CMB)上的烙印来解释天文观测。这种间接的证据表明,DM占了我们宇宙中所有物质的84.5%,但迄今为止,它已避免了直接检测的所有尝试,从而使这种确认以及随之而来的发现其本质成为现代最大的挑战之一。物理。在这里,我们提出了一种新颖的低质量DMχ形式,到目前为止,所有实验都没有找到它。尽管乍看之下它的强大相互作用力似乎不太可能,但粒子物理学和宇宙学/天文观测的限制都不足以排除这种类型的DM,这激发了我们提出的通过光力学技术直接检测的建议,这应该很快就可以实现,即通过对悬浮粒子的精确位置测量,该粒子将与χ粒子发生弹性碰撞而受到干扰。我们表明,最近提出的纳米粒子物质波干涉仪,最初是为测试量子叠加原理而设计的,对这些碰撞也很敏感。

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