OBJECTIVE: To determine factors that influence medical student selection of internal medicine residency programs by ethnicity and gender. DESIGN/SETTING: A cross-sectional mailed survey of graduating medical students applying to four residency programs in 1999. MEASUREMENTS: A five-point (5=most important) Likert scale was used to evaluate factors and included 14 items on location characteristics, 20 on program features, six on recruitment, three on future plans and three on advising. RESULTS: Of 2,820 surveys, 1,005 were completed (36%). The most important factors to applicants were house staff morale (mean +/- SD, 4.5 +/- 0.7), academic reputation (4.5 +/-0.8), and positive interview experience (4.1 +/- 1.0). Women rated gender diversity of faculty (3.3 vs. 2.3, p=0.0001) and house staff (3.3 vs. 2.5, p=0.0001), location of residency program near spouse (4.2 vs. 3.9, p=0.0001) or spouse's job (3.8 vs. 3.5, p=0.0002) and emphasis on primary care (2.9 vs. 2.4, p=0.0001) more highly than men. Minority applicants were more likely than whites to identify the following factors as more important: ethnic diversity of patients (3.8 vs. 3.4, p=0.008), house staff (3.3 vs. 2.4, p<0.0001) and faculty (3.1 vs. 2.3, p<0.0001); service to the medically indigent (3.8 vs. 3.3, p=0.004); feeling of being wanted (3.8 vs. 3.4, p=0.002); and an academic environment supportive of ethnic minorities (3.5 vs. 2.3, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Location and program factors are most important in influencing decisions to choose a residency program. However, women and minority applicants also place significant importance on family and diversity factors. Programs need to consider differential factors in recruitment of diverse students.
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机译:目的:确定影响种族和性别的医学生选择内科住院医师课程的因素。设计/设置:1999年对申请四个居住计划的应届医学专业学生进行的邮寄横断面调查。测量:五分(5 =最重要)李克特量表用于评估因素,其中包括14个关于地点特征的项目,20方案特点,六项招聘,三项未来计划和三项建议。结果:在2,820项调查中,完成了1,005项(占36%)。对申请人而言,最重要的因素是内部员工的士气(平均+/- SD,4.5 +/- 0.7),学术声誉(4.5 +/- 0.8)和积极的面试经验(4.1 +/- 1.0)。妇女对教职员工性别差异(3.3 vs. 2.3,p = 0.0001)和家庭工作人员(3.3 vs. 2.5,p = 0.0001),居住计划在配偶附近的位置(4.2 vs. 3.9,p = 0.0001)或配偶的工作进行了评估( 3.8 vs. 3.5,p = 0.0002),并且对初级保健的重视程度(2.9 vs. 2.4,p = 0.0001)高于男性。与白人相比,少数族裔申请人更可能确定以下因素更为重要:患者的种族多样性(3.8 vs. 3.4,p = 0.008),内部工作人员(3.3 vs. 2.4,p <0.0001)和教师(3.1 vs. 2.3) ,p <0.0001);为医疗贫困者服务(3.8比3.3,p = 0.004);被通缉的感觉(3.8对3.4,p = 0.002);和支持少数民族的学术环境(3.5比2.3,p <0.0001)。结论:位置和计划因素在影响选择居住计划的决定中最重要。但是,妇女和少数族裔申请人也非常重视家庭和多样性因素。在招收多样化的学生时,计划需要考虑差异因素。
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