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The student and the ovum: The lack of autonomy and informed consent in trading genes for tuition

机译:学生和卵子:交易学费的基因缺乏自主性和知情同意

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摘要

Rising tuition costs have forced university students to become creative in finding ways to fund their education. Some female university students have decided that ova donation may be an acceptable alternative in which to pay for their tuition. This alternative presents itself because of the insufficient number of ova available for assisted reproduction and emerging stem cell technologies. Young female university students are encouraged by Internet sources and respectable electronic and print media to donate their ova in the cause of assisted reproduction for monetary compensation. While university students generally exhibit autonomy, the constraining influence of their financial predicament compromises the elements of informed consent (voluntariness, competence, capacity, understanding, and disclosure) as to their making an autonomous decision in regard to egg donation. Thus, any moral possibility of giving informed consent is negated. Informed consent can only occur through autonomy. A female university student in need of financial resources to pay for her education cannot make an autonomous choice to trade her genes for tuition. Donated ova are not only needed for assisted reproduction, but for stem cell technologies. While the long-term health of women who donate their ova is of concern (a potential risk of cancer after long term use of ovulation induction), of equal concern is the possibility of a growth in the trade of ova targeting third world and Eastern European women where the precedence for autonomy and informed consent is not well established.
机译:不断上涨的学费迫使大学生在寻找方法资助他们的学习时变得富有创造力。一些女大学生已经决定,捐献卵子是支付学费的一种可接受的选择。由于可用于辅助繁殖和新兴干细胞技术的卵子数量不足,因此出现了这种选择。互联网资源以及受人尊敬的电子和印刷媒体鼓励年轻的女大学生捐献自己的卵子,用于辅助生殖以进行金钱补偿。尽管大学生通常表现出自主权,但其财务困境的制约性影响了他们就卵子捐赠做出自主决定的知情同意的要素(自愿性,能力,能力,理解和披露)。因此,在道德上获得知情同意的可能性都被否定了。知情同意只能通过自治发生。一位需要财政资源来支付学费的女大学生无法自主选择以基因交换学费。捐赠的卵不仅需要辅助生殖,而且还需要干细胞技术。尽管献卵的妇女的长期健康令人担忧(长期使用排卵诱导剂后有潜在的癌症风险),但同样令人担忧的是,以第三世界和东欧为目标的卵子贸易可能会增长自主权和知情同意的优先权尚不明确的女性。

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