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A 90-Day Inhalation Toxicity Study of Ethyl Formate in Rats

机译:大鼠乙基甲酸酯的90天吸入毒性研究

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摘要

Ethyl formate, a volatile solvent, has insecticidal and fungicidal properties and is suggested as a potential fumigant for stored crop and fruit. Its primary contact route is through the respiratory tract; however, reliable repeated toxicological studies focusing on the inhalation route have not been published to date. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the safety of a 90-day repeated inhalation exposure in rats. Forty male and 40 female rats were exposed to ethyl formate vapor via inhalation at concentrations of 0, 66, 330, and 1,320 ppm for 6 hr/day, 5 days a week for 13 weeks. Clinical signs, body weights, food consumption, urinalysis, hematologic parameters, serum chemistry measurements, organ weights, necropsy, and histopathological findings were compared between the control and ethyl formate-exposed groups. Locomotor activity decreased during exposure and recovered afterward in male and female rats exposed to 1,320 ppm ethyl formate. Body weight and food consumption continuously decreased in both sexes exposed to 1,320 ppm ethyl formate from week 1 or 3 compared with the control values. The increases in adrenal weight and decreases in thymus weight were noted in both sexes exposed to ethyl formate at 1,320 ppm. Degeneration, squamous metaplasia of olfactory epithelium in the nasopharyngeal tissue, or both were noted in the male and female rats at 1,320 ppm and female rats at 330 ppm ethyl formate. Taken together, our results indicate that ethyl formate-induced changes were not observed in male and female rats at 330 and 66 ppm, respectively. This indicates that exposure to ethyl formate at concentrations below 66 ppm for 90 days is relatively safe in rats. This is the first report of a full-scale repeated inhalation toxicity assessment in rats and could contribute to controlling occupational environmental hazards related to ethyl formate.
机译:甲酸乙酯,一种挥发性溶剂,具有杀虫和杀真菌特性,被认为是储存农作物和水果的潜在熏蒸剂。它的主要接触途径是通过呼吸道。然而,迄今尚未发表可靠的针对吸入途径的反复毒理学研究。因此,进行本研究以研究大鼠90天重复吸入暴露的安全性。 40只雄性和40只雌性大鼠通过吸入分别以0、66、330和1,320 ppm的浓度暴露于甲酸乙酯蒸汽中,每周6天,每天5天,共13周。比较对照组和甲酸乙酯暴露组的临床体征,体重,食物消耗,尿液分析,血液学参数,血清化学测量,器官重量,尸检和组织病理学发现。在暴露期间运动能力降低,然后在暴露于1,320 ppm甲酸乙酯的雄性和雌性大鼠中恢复。从第1周或第3周开始,暴露于1,320 ppm甲酸乙酯的两性患者的体重和食物消耗均持续下降,与对照组相比。在以1,320 ppm暴露于甲酸乙酯的两个性别中,都注意到肾上腺重量的增加和胸腺重量的减少。在雄性和雌性大鼠中分别以1,320 ppm和330 ppm的甲酸乙酯观察到鼻咽组织中的变性,嗅上皮的鳞状上皮化或两者兼有。两者合计,我们的结果表明,分别在330和66 ppm的雄性和雌性大鼠中未观察到甲酸乙酯引起的变化。这表明在大鼠中,在浓度低于66 ppm的甲酸乙酯中暴露90天相对安全。这是在大鼠中进行全面重复吸入毒性评估的第一份报告,可能有助于控制与甲酸乙酯有关的职业环境危害。

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