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Ultrasound imaging classifications of thyroid nodules for malignancy risk stratification and clinical management: state of the art

机译:甲状腺结节的超声成像分类用于恶性肿瘤危险分层和临床管理:最新技术

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摘要

Assessing the risk of malignancy in the thyroid with ultrasound (US) is crucial in patients with nodules, as it can aid in selecting those who should have a fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy performed. Many studies have examined whether the US characteristics of thyroid nodules are useful indicators of histological malignancy. Overall, these investigations have identified a few US features that are significantly more frequent in malignant thyroid nodules which can be coalesced into a defining set to be used as an indicator of a higher risk of malignancy. Despite these efforts, none of these classifications have been widely adopted worldwide, and there are still conflicting recommendations from different institutions. Understanding the role and appropriate utilization of these systems could facilitate the effective interpretation and communication of thyroid US findings among referring physicians and radiologists. In this comprehensive review, we outline the major US classification systems of thyroid nodules published in the last few years.
机译:超声(US)评估结节患者甲状腺恶性肿瘤的风险至关重要,因为它可以帮助选择应进行细针穿刺(FNA)活检的患者。许多研究已经检查了甲状腺结节的美国特征是否是组织学恶性肿瘤的有用指标。总体而言,这些研究已经确定了一些在甲状腺恶性结节中明显更常见的美国特征,这些特征可以合并为一个确定性的指标集,以用作更高的恶性风险指标。尽管做出了这些努力,但这些分类没有一个在全世界得到广泛采用,并且来自不同机构的建议仍然存在矛盾。了解这些系统的作用和适当利用可以促进在转诊医师和放射科医生之间对甲状腺美国发现的有效解释和沟通。在这份全面的综述中,我们概述了最近几年美国主要的甲状腺结节分类系统。

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