首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>British Journal of Industrial Medicine >Significance of dermal and respiratory uptake in creosote workers: exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and urinary excretion of 1-hydroxypyrene.
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Significance of dermal and respiratory uptake in creosote workers: exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and urinary excretion of 1-hydroxypyrene.

机译:杂酚油工人皮肤和呼吸道吸收的重要性:暴露于多环芳烃和1-羟基of的尿排泄。

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摘要

OBJECTIVES--To evaluate workers' exposure in a creosote impregnation plant by means of ambient and biological monitoring. METHODS--Naphthalene (vapour phase) and 10 large molecular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (particulate phase) were measured in the breathing zone air during an entire working week. 1-Hydroxypyrene (1-HP) was measured in 24 hour urine as a metabolite of the pyrene found in neat (dermal exposure) and airborne creosote. RESULTS--Naphthalene (0.4-4.2 mg/m3) showed 1000 times higher concentrations in air than did the particulate PAHs. In total, the geometric mean (range) of three to six ring PAHs was 4.8 (1.2-13.7) micrograms/m3; pyrene 0.86 (0.23-2.1) micrograms/m3, and benzo(a)pyrene 0.012 (0.01-0.05) micrograms/m3. There was no correlation between pyrene and gaseous naphthalene. The correlations between pyrene and the other nine particulate PAHs were strong, and gave a PAH profile that was similar in all air samples: r = 0.83 (three to six ring PAHs); r = 0.81 (three ring PAHs); r = 0.78 (four to six ring PAHs). Dermal exposure was probably very high in all workers, because the daily output of urinary 1-HP exceeded the daily uptake of inhaled pyrene by < or = 50-fold. Urinary 1-HP concentrations were very high, even on Monday mornings, when they were at their lowest (4-22 mumol/mol creatinine). 1-HP seldom showed any net increase over a workshift (except on Monday) due to its high concentrations (16 to 120 mumol/mol creatinine) in the morning samples. 1-HP was always lower at the end of the shift (19 to 85 mumol/mol creatinine) than in the evening (27 to 122), and the mean (SD) change over the working week (47 (18)) was greater than the change over Monday (35 (32)). The timing of 1-HP sampling is therefore very important. CONCLUSIONS--Urinary 1-HP proved to be a good biomarker of exposure to three to six ring PAHs but not to airborne naphthalene. Hence, biomonitoring based on 1-HP has to be completed with exposure assessment for naphthalene as a marker for creosote volatiles that mainly enter the body through the lungs.
机译:目的-通过环境和生物监测来评估杂酚浸渍工厂中工人的暴露程度。方法-在整个工作周的时间内,在呼吸区空气中测量萘(蒸气相)和10种大分子多环芳烃(PAHs)(颗粒相)。在24小时尿液中测量了1-羟基py(1-HP),它是纯净(皮肤暴露)和空气传播的杂酚油中发现的the的代谢物。结果-萘(0.4-4.2 mg / m3)在空气中的浓度是颗粒PAHs的1000倍。总的来说,三至六个环多环芳烃的几何平均值(范围)为4.8(1.2-13.7)微克/立方米; 0.8 0.86(0.23-2.1)微克/ m3,苯并(a)py 0.012(0.01-0.05)微克/ m3。 pyr与气态萘之间没有相关性。 pyr与其他九种颗粒PAH之间的相关性很强,并且给出的PAH分布在所有空气样本中均相似:r = 0.83(三至六个环PAH); r = 0.81(三环PAH); r = 0.78(四到六个环PAH)。所有工人的皮肤暴露量都可能很高,因为每天摄入的1-HP尿量比每天吸入的daily的摄入量少50倍。甚至在星期一早晨,尿中的1-HP浓度都很高(最低时为4-22μmol/ mol肌酐)。 1-HP在工作班次(星期一除外)期间很少显示出任何净增加,这是由于早晨样本中的浓度较高(16至120μmol/ mol肌酐)。在班次结束时(1-90 mol / mol肌酐)1-HP始终低于晚上(27至122),并且整个工作周的平均(SD)变化(47(18))更大比星期一(35(32))的变化。因此,1-HP采样的时间非常重要。结论-尿液1-HP被证明是暴露于三至六环PAHs而不是空气传播的萘的良好生物标志物。因此,基于1-HP的生物监测必须完成萘的暴露评估,以作为主要通过肺进入人体的杂酚挥发物的标志。

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