矿山自然恢复中植物多样性与生物量关系研究

摘要

It is very important to reveal the relationship between plant diversity and above ground biomass during mine rehabilitation process in Loess Plateau region.For best understanding the relationship this study employed statistic method to analyze the relationship between biodi-versity indices,including plant species richness and Shannon-Wiener index(SWI)and above ground biomass at mine dumps of opencast col-liery in different restored stages in semi-arid steppe zone.The results show that two species diversity indices and the biomass reach the highest while the restoration process reaches 18 years,and consequently decreases after restored period more than before one. The relation is positive correlation trend at different stages. F check indicates that the relationship between two indices and the biomass reaches significant level after restoring 10 years. SWI is more sensitive to response the biomass changing than the richness,and its slope of regression equation is also big-ger. The biomass predicts precision,which calculates by the equation that built by the richness and SWI respectively,increases with restora-tion period increasing,and the highest precision reaches 91.6% and 92.0% after restoring 22 years.%为了更好地揭示黄土高原区矿山恢复过程中的植物多样性与生物量的关联机制,以黑岱沟露天矿不同自然恢复年限排土场为研究对象,采用统计学分析方法对植物种丰富度和SWI指数(Shannon-Wiener Index)与地上生物量的关系进行了研究.结果表明:物种多样性指数和地上生物量在恢复18 a达到最大,之后随恢复年限增加,物种多样性指数和生物量均减小;种丰富度和SWI指数与生物量的关系在不同的恢复时间成正相关关系,当恢复时间达到(或超过)10 a时,种丰富度和SWI指数与生物量的关系达到显著水平;SWI指数与生物量的关系较种丰富度敏感,一元线性回归方程有较大的斜率.利用种丰富度和SWI指数构建的回归关系预测地上生物量,其精度随植被恢复时间增加而提高,在恢复22 a时分别达到91.6%和92.0%.