黄河口演变与流路稳定综合治理研究

摘要

The paper had a brief review on the studies of evolution and regulation of the Yellow River estuary. In response to the new situa-tions like a significant decrease in the regime of the runoff to the Bohai Sea,the single-thread estuarine course having running for decades and the Xiaolangdi Reservoir having been put into operation, the authors put forward recent research objectives on channel evolution, coastline change,key technologies and schemes and measures. There are four key scientific and technological issues to be broken through:a)mecha-nisms of estuarine channel avulsing;b)responses of the coastal form to river runoff and ocean dynamics; c)multiple spatial and temporal scaled hybrid simulating of the estuarine course changing and; d)flow and sediment allocating of the estuary. There are six important re-search tasks,i.e. a)the estuarine channel avulsing process and its triggering mechanism;b)dynamic mechanisms of the channel evolution and index system of the course stabilization;c)the coastal evolving processes and its dynamic mechanism;d)multiple spatial and temporal scaled hybrid simulation of the estuarine evolution; e)technologies and demonstration of flow and sediment fluxes allocation of the estuary and;f)operating scheme and measures to stabilize the estuarine course for 100 years. The project achievements will provide technological support for integrated management of the Yellow River estuary and the construction of efficient ecological and economic zone of the delta.%简要回顾了黄河口演变与治理研究现状,结合黄河口面临的入海水量锐减、单一流路长期行河和小浪底水库的调节运用等新情势,提出在流路演变、岸线变化、关键技术和方案措施方面的近期研究目标.重点突破四大关键科学技术问题——尾闾河道出汊机制、海岸形态对陆海动力响应、河口流路演变多时空尺度混合模拟和河口流路水沙调配.明确六方面研究内容——黄河口尾闾出汊的孕育过程及触发机制、黄河口流路演变过程的动力机制及流路稳定的指标体系、黄河三角洲海岸演变过程与动力机制、黄河口演变的多时空尺度混合模拟技术、清水沟流路水沙通量调配技术与示范、稳定百年的黄河口入海流路方案与治理措施等.项目成果可以为黄河口综合治理和黄河三角洲高效生态经济区建设提供技术支撑.