地下煤火不同燃烧阶段上覆土壤微生物群落功能多样性

摘要

[Objective] The aim of the test was to reveal the functional diversity of microbial community in soils overlying during different periods of underground coal mine fire. [ Method ] BIOLOG metabolic fingerprinting method was used to analyze the functional diversity of soils overlying in weathering, oxidation, autoignition, complete combustion, sulphur emission, mirabilite emission and extinguish periods of underground coal mine fire in Jimsar County, Xinjiang. [ Result ] A distinct difference in the physiochemical property appeared among the soils overlying in different periods, and nitrate nitrogen reached to the maximum in spontaneous period, and organic matter was the lowest in extinguish period. Metabolic carbon sources for microbes in different periods were higher than the control site. Principal component analysis demonstrated that there was a clear difference in the two dimensions method by 31 kinds of carbon sources construction, which might suggest that microbial community structure of fire - impacted area changed dynamically. Correlation analysis revealed that soil Ph was remarkable factor of the carbon source utilization difference. [Conclusion] The functional diversity of microbial community in soils overlying was reduced by underground coal mine fire, and there was prominent difference in the diversity of microbial community, so these could afford reference about ecological restoration areas of underground coal mine fire.%[目的]了解不同燃烧阶段地下煤火上覆土壤微生物群落功能多样性.[方法]利用BIOLOG指纹图谱方法,分析新疆吉木萨尔县境内不同燃烧阶段地下煤火风化期、氧化期、自燃期、全面燃烧期、硫磺析出期、芒硝析出期和熄灭期的上覆土壤微生物功能多样性.[结果]地下煤火不同燃烧阶段上覆土壤理化性质差异显著,自燃期硝态氮含量最高,熄灭期有机质含量最低;不同时期微生物群落碳源利用能力及多样性均低于对照;主成分分析表明,土壤微生物在31种碳源构建的二维体系分布差异明显,微生物群落结构在地下煤火发生发展过程中呈现动态变化;相关性分析显示,土壤pH是影响地下煤火上覆土壤微生物群落利用碳源差异的显著因素.[结论]地下煤火降低上覆土壤微生物群落功能多样性,不同燃烧阶段微生物群落功能多样性差异显著,这对地下煤火区生态恢复具有一定参考利用价值.