[目的]序列位置标签(Sequence Tagged Site,STS)为一段短的DNA序列,在其生物染色体上只出现一次,适宜于作为作物基因组的一种地标.[方法]研究随机选取向日葵500对序列标签位点SSR引物,利用其中62对具有多态SSR标记对136份新疆食葵和油葵自交系进行PCR多态扩增和筛选.[结果]62对序列标签位点SSR标记在136份向日葵中扩增表现稳定多态,占所选引物数量的12.4％,扩增产物条带清晰、稳定和易读.136份向日葵群体基因型依据△K的变化,可以分为2大类群.其中73份油葵自交系材料中,70％自交系材料被分配到第1大群,油葵资源材料主要归类在第1大群.30份油葵保持系中只有4份保持系被分配到第2大群,其余保持系均在第1大群.而在43份油葵恢复系中有25份分配到第1大群,其余分配到其它群中,表明油葵恢复系遗传多样性较为丰富.在55份食葵自交系中,仅有21％食葵被分到第1大群,食葵资源材料主要属于第2大群.[结论]食葵的遗传多样性较油葵的遗传多样性丰富,食葵和油葵资源材料间有部分基因相互交叉渗透,为新疆向日葵核心种质的构建和资源的合理利用提供理论支持.%[Objective] Sequence Tagged Site(STS)is a short DNA sequence,which appears only once on its biological chromosome and is suitable for a landmark of crop genome.[Method]500 STS-SSR primers of sunflower were synthesized randomly and were used to screen the samples of Xinjiang edible sunflower and oil sunflower inbred lines for finding the polymorphism.[Result]All of them 62 markers showed stable polymorphism among those 136 sunflowers with clear,stable and easy to read characteristics,which accounted for 12.4％of the number of selected primers.136 Xinjiang sunflower inbred populations could be divided into 2 groups according to the change of △K and be clustered into 2 groups at the 0.65 similarity level.In the 73 oil sunflower inbred lines,70％inbred lines were assigned to first groups which meant the oil sunflower inbred lines were mainly classified in the first group.Among 30 maintainer lines of oil sunflower lines only 4 maintainer lines were assigned to second groups,the rest were in group I.In the 43 restorer line of oil sunflower,25 restorer lines were allocated to first large groups,and the rest were allocated to other groups,which indicated that the genetic diversity of restorer line was more abundant than maintainer lines.In the 55 edible sunflower inbred lines,only 21％of them were divided into first groups which indicated that edible sunflower inbred lines belonged to the second and the third groups.[Conclusion]This study showed that the genetic diversity of edible sunflower was greater than that of oil sunflower,and some genes between the edible sunflower and oil sunflower materials were crossed and penetrated.The results of this study have provided theoretical support for the construction of the core collection and the rational utilization of resources in the future.
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