cqvip:Background: Glutathione S-transferase omega-1 (GSTO1) protects from oxida tive stress, a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and stroke. Polymorphisms in GSTO1 might influence the function of the protein a nd thus the risk of AD, VaD, and stroke. Methods: The GSTO1 gene was screened fo r variations. The effect of the detected polymorphisms on the risk of AD, VaD, a nd stroke was evaluated. CSF levels of cholesterol and plasma homocysteine level s were compared according to the GSTO1 genotype. Results: Two missense polymorph isms in exon 4 of GSTO1 (Ala140Asp and Glu155Glu) were detected and tested for t heir association with AD, VaD, and stroke. The Asp/Asp and Ala/Asp genotypes inc reased the risk of stroke (p = 0.003, OR = 2.1), and the Asp/Asp genotype increa sed the risk of VaD (p = 0.02, OR = 2.2). GSTO1 polymorphisms did not influence the risk of AD, but the Asp allele influenced the age at onset (p = 0.05). In no ndemented probands CSF levels of cholesterol were increased in carriers of the A sp/Asp genotype (p = 0.004); however, in patients with manifest dementia the aut hors found decreased CSF levels of cholesterol in carriers of the Asp/Asp genoty pe (p = 0.028). Serum homocysteine levels in stroke patients were higher in carr iers of at least one Asp allele (p = 0.011). Conclusion: The GSTO1 Asp allele ma y be a genetic risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases, and might influence the course of Alzheimer disease, even though effects vary in different studies.
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