We report a case of chronic acquired neuropathy predominantly affecting senso ry and autonomic nerves. Investigations showed a demyelinating polyradiculoneuro pathy with axonal degeneration and depletion of postganglionic noradrenergic fib ers in the rectal mucosa. Intravenous immunoglobulin and corticosteroid administ ration were effective in alleviating symptoms and improving electrophysiological abnormalities. This neuropathy may be a novel variant of chronic inflammatory d emyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), in which autoimmunoreactivity is directed not only against myelin but also against axon-or ganglion-compos ing protein. Autonomic nerve involvement does not exclude a diagnosis of CIDP.
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