Background:EUS-guided FNA is effective for establishing tissue diagnosis in suspected pancreatic cancer.However,data on the frequency of major complications following EUS-FNA are limited.Objective:To evaluate the frequency of major complications after EUS-FNA of solid pancreatic masses.Design:Prospective cohort study.Setting:Tertiary University based referral center for pancreatico-biliary disorder.Patients:Consecutive patients who underwent EUS-FNA of a solid pancreatic over a 42-month period.All immediate complications were recorded by the endosonographer.Late complications were assessed at 72 hours and at 30-days after the procedure.Main Outcomes Measurements:Major complications were defined as acute pancreatitis,bleeding,infection,perforation,use of reversal medication,hospitalization or death.Results:A total of 355 consecutive patients with a solid pancreatic mass underwent EUS-FNA.Major complications were encountered in 9 patients(2.54%,95%CI 1.17-4.76).Acute pancreatitis occurred in 3 of 355(0.85 %,95%CI 0.17-2.45);2 patients were hospitalized,and 1 patient recovered with outpatient analgesics.Three patients were admitted for severe pain after the procedure;all were treated with analgesics and subsequently discharged with no sequela.Two patients(0.56%,95%CI 0.07-2.02)developed fever and were admitted for intravenous antibiotics;1 patient recovered with intravenous antibiotics and the other required surgical debridement for necrosis.One patient required the use of reversal medication.Overall,1.97%(95%CI 0.80-4.02)of the patients were hospitalized for complications(range 1-16 days).None of the patients experienced clinically significant hemorrhage,perforation,or death.No clear predisposing risk factors were identified.Limitations:Lack of surgical gold standard and referral to a tertiary center.Conclusions:EUS-FNA of solid pancreatic masses infrequently leads to major complications.Our results can be used by endosonographers to counsel patients before EUS-FNA of solid pancreatic masses.
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