基于GIS的农户生计安全评价与分析

摘要

For the lack of analysis and research on farmers livelihood security in Yunnan-Guizhou plateau's karst ecologically fragile regions, this paper chooses Maguan county as study area, and based on the core of sustainable livelihoods' analytical framework proposed by DFID (UK Department for International Development, DFID) - the livelihood capital, selects 14 livelihood capital evaluation factors,including the per capita arable land, the per capita net income, establishes farmers' livelihood capital safety assessment index system in the study area, using the comprehensive evaluation to verify the reliability of the results. Based on GIS spatial display and spatial analysis functions, this paper doses spatial variation analysis for the evaluation results, divides farmers' livelihood security level, and provides constructive development proposals for different circumstances. The studies show that:each livelihood security level dispersed in the county, the policy adjustments and village' development planning need to be made according to the actual situation of each village.%针对云贵高原岩溶生态脆弱区域内农户生计安全分析和研究的不足，选取马关县为研究区，基于英国国际发展署（UK Department for International Development，DFID）提出的可持续生计分析框架（Sustainable Livelihood Framework，SLF）的核心———生计资本，选取了包括人均耕地面积、人均纯收入等14个生计资本评价因子，建立研究区农户生计资本安全评价指标体系，测算得到研究区的农户生计安全指数。基于GIS空间显示功能及空间分析功能，对评价结果进行空间分异分析，划分农户生计安全等级，并针对不同生计安全等级的具体情况，提出建设性发展建议，为研究区内生计发展的可持续提供理论依据。研究结果表明：各生计安全等级在全县分布都较分散，需要根据各村的实际情况做出政策调整和发展规划。