放射性物质的常见屏蔽形式

摘要

在合理利用核能的同时,更应该关注放射性物质发出的α射线,β射线,γ射线和中子射线所产生的辐射效应.为了减弱辐射危害,除了远离辐射源,减少受辐射时间外,选择恰当的屏蔽形式尤为重要.本文调研了常见屏蔽材料和结构,探究了其应用场景,并对比分析了各种屏蔽形式优缺点.%In the rational use of nuclear energy,at the same time people should pay attention to the radiation effects generated by α-ray,β3-ray,γ-ray and neutron radiation of radioactive material.In order to reduce the radiation hazards,in addition to away from the radiation source and reducing the radiation time,the choice of appropriate shielding form is particularly important.This paper investigates the common shielding materials and structures,explores their application scenarios,and compares the advantages and disadvantages of various shielding forms.