温瑞塘河温州市区典型河段底泥重金属污染特征

摘要

通过对温瑞塘河温州市区典型河段44个表层沉积物样品重金属含量进行监测和分析，应用地积累指数法和生态因子富集法等对典型重金属元素Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Fe、Mn、Ni进行污染评价和空间特征对比，结果表明：各重金属污染程度从高到低依次为：Zn〉Cu〉Pb〉Ni〉Mn〉Fe〉Cr，其中Zn、Cu在多数样点呈现重污染状态，含量分别为126．19～4312．07mg／kg及18．64～635．54mg／kg，Pb呈中度污染状态，含量为51．30～252．76mg／kg，而Ni、Mn、Fe、Cr基本处于无污染或轻微污染状态。绝大多数采样点出现3种以上重金属元素的复合污染，两种评价方法得出的结论基本一致，山下河重金属污染明显比九山外河更为严重，城市功能结构调整成为城市河网水环境治理的基础。%Heavy metal pollution of surface sediment samples in the typical Wenrui Tang River in Wenzhou urban district was investigated at 44 sites. The index of Geo-accumulation and ecological factors were applied to evaluate heavy metal pollution （Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr,Fe,Mn,Ni） and spatial distribution characteristics. The results showed that the order of the heavy metal pollution degree was Zn 〉 Cu 〉 Pb 〉 Ni 〉 Mn 〉 Fe 〉 Cr, where Zn,Cu showed a strong contamination in most of samples, whose range was 126.19 -4312.07 mg/kg and 18.64 -635.54 mg/kg. Pb showed moderate pollution, whose range was 51.30 -252.76 mg/kg, and Ni,Mn,Fe,Cr nearly remained non-pollution. The vast majority of the samples was polluted by three or more heavy metal elements, and the two evaluation methods drew consistent conclusions that heavy metal pollution were significantly higher in the Shanxia River than that in the Jiushan Wai River. The adjustment of city functional structure had become the basis to control the water environment of river system.