螺旋天线电磁脉冲响应特性研究

摘要

针对电磁脉冲照射下的螺旋天线进行建模仿真,研究了电磁脉冲不同入射角时天线的响应特性,归纳总结了螺旋天线螺距及圈数变化时的电磁脉冲响应特性规律.结果表明:螺旋天线的电磁脉冲耦合电压波形为衰减正弦波,其耦合电压随入射角的增大而增大,且98%的耦合能量主要集中在100 MHz内.当入射角为90°时,可在50 Ω负载上产生近50 kW的瞬时功率,沉积能量可达0.7 mJ;螺旋天线螺距及螺旋圈数的增加均会导致其耦合电压、瞬时功率和沉积能量增大.其衰减时间随螺距的增大而减小,但随圈数的增加而增大.其谐振频率不随螺距的改变而变化,但随圈数的增加而减小.实验结果表明:仿真具有很高的精度,研究结果对天线系统的电磁脉冲防护技术具有一定的参考价值.%Helical antenna response characteristics under the irradiation of electromagnetic pulse environment with different incidence angle,pitch and turns are studied,some regularity of understanding is summarized.The results indicate that the coupling of the voltage waveform for helical antenna under the irradiation of electromagnetic pulse is the damping wave,the coupling voltage increases with the increase of incident angle, 98% of the coupling energy mainly concentrated within 100 MHz. Coupling voltage is able to produced nearly 50 kW of instantaneous power in the 50 Ω load port when the incident angle is 90°,the sedimentary energy can reach 0.7 mJ;The increase of pitch and turns of helical antenna will increase the coupling voltage,instantaneous power and sedimentary energy.Its decay time decreases with the increase of pitch,but increases with the increase of the turn.Its resonant frequency will not change with the changes of the pitch,but decreases with the increase of turn.In addition,the experiment results show that the simulation of high precision. The results for the antenna system of electromagnetic pulse protection technique has certain reference value.