双密封面电控喷油器的喷油特性

摘要

针对高压共轨喷油器的回油量小、针阀动作响应快及循环喷油量控制精度高等要求,笔者提出了双密封面电控喷油器.双密封面喷油器在进油处增加一个密封面,双密封面进行喷油开启和关闭过程的控制.利用AMESim建立双密封面喷油器数值仿真模型.结果表明:喷孔直径为影响双密封面喷油器循环喷油量的主要特性参数;针阀最大升程、电磁阀预紧力、衔铁残余气隙和控制阀杆最大升程为影响循环喷油量次要特性参数;高压油管长度、针阀预紧力、控制活塞配合间隙、控制腔容积和进油孔直径对循环喷油量的影响不显著.与传统的单密封面喷油器相比,双密封面喷油器能够有效减少喷射过程中高压燃油的回油量,提高针阀的动作响应,缩短两次喷射的最小时间间隔,同时降低进/回油孔径对喷油量影响的敏感性.%To meet the requirements of small fuel returning,fast needle response and high cyclic fuel injection quantity control accuracy,a double seal electronically controlled injector was proposed.A sealing surface at the inlet of the double seal electronically controlled injector was added,which controls the fuel injection.Numerical simulation model of the double seal electronically controlled injector was developed in AMESim.Quantitative analysis results show that diameter of nozzle hole is the main affecting parameter for injection quantity of the double seal electronically controlled injector,while maximum lift of needle valve,preload of solenoid valve,air gap of armature and maximum lift of control valve are minor affecting parameters for injection quantity.In addition,the length of high pressure fuel pipeline,the preload of needle,tolerance clearance of control piston,volume of control chamber and diameter of inlet orifice have less significant effect on injection quantity.Comparing with the traditional single seal electronically controlled injector,the proposed double seal electronically controlled injector can effectively reduce high pressure fuel return amount during fuel injection,improving response of the needle,and shortening minimum time interval between two injections.Meanwhile,the sensitivity between fuel injection quantity and inlet/outlet orifice diameters is decreased.