Phytomedicines as therapeutic interventions for hepatic encephalopathy

摘要

cqvip:Hepatic encephalopathy(HE)describes a broad range of neuropsychiatric abnormalities caused by advance hepatic insufficiency or portosystemic shunting,and manifests as a spectrum of neurological dysfunction.Hepatic necrosis,Kupffer cell hyperplasia,haemosiderosis,periportal mononuclear cell infiltration,neuroinflammation,irregularity in mitochondrial function and oxidative stress are the major pathological hallmark of hepatic encephalopathy.Treatment of hepatic and neuropsychiatric disorders has gone through several revolutions.In recent time,phytomedicines are gaining grounds as an effective therapeutic option.Noteworthy,plants have been used widely as therapeutic agents for liver and neuronal ailments.The potential of plants as agents for the treatment of various neuropsychiatric and liver impairments have been confirmed by several clinical research.Chemicals obtained from plants,provide the possibility of an alternate potential tool to neutralize the disease mechanism of hepatic and neuropsychiatric disorders including HE.This may be achieved through curtailing the actions of scavenging free radicals,ROS,and proinflammatory cytokines in the periphery,relieving systemic inflammation to prevent inflammation of the brain via the BBB.In endothelial cells,phytochemicals can also reduce protein expression of ICAM.This ensures an intact BBB and shut inflammatory infiltration linked with gateway reflex and infiltrating into the brain.Recent research has enabled the elucidation of the ways by which the therapeutic effects of these plants are achieved.This review discusses in details,some medicinal plants with neuroprotective and hepatoprotective effects.A peculiar interest is also given to the cellular and molecular mechanism of action.Beyond reasonable doubt,this review shows that herbal drug formulations possess significance hepatoprotective and neuroprotective activity in therapeutic intervention and prophylactic measures in HE.