Objective To investigate the differential expressions of serum proteins by proteomics approach in rat model of sleep deprivation. Methods A rat model of 24-h rapid eye movement sleep deprivation was induced by MMPM. Twenty-four rats were randomly and averagely divided into three groups, namely, model group (M), model control group (MC) and blank control group (BC). Changes of body mass in rats were observed. Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the effect of sleep deprivation on learning and memory ability. Serum proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and identified by LC-MS/MS. Results There was no significant difference in rat body weight between BC group and MC group. After sleep deprivation, mental irritable, pelage dull and weight loss were found in M group, but no significant changes were found in learning and memory ability. There were no significant differences in the number of protein spots between three groups. Four proteins were down regulated:Serotransferrin, Glutathione peroxidase 3, Ig kappa chain C region, B allele and Collagen alpha-2(I) chain. Conclusion The short term sleep deprivation may be related to iron metabolism, oxidative stress and immune function in rats.%目的：探讨睡眠剥夺大鼠血清蛋白质组中差异表达蛋白质及其意义。方法采用改良多平台水环境法建立24 h快速眼动睡眠剥夺大鼠模型。采用随机数字表法将大鼠均分为模型（M）组、模型对照（MC）组、空白对照（BC）组，每组8只大鼠。观察大鼠体质量变化，采用Morris水迷宫实验检测睡眠剥夺对大鼠学习记忆能力的影响，并用双向电泳技术筛选血清差异蛋白，LC-MS/MS技术鉴定差异蛋白。结果 BC组和MC组大鼠建模前后体质量差异均无统计学意义。M组大鼠毛发光泽下降，精神稍差，较亢奋，体质量在睡眠剥夺后显著降低。24 h快速眼动睡眠剥夺对大鼠学习记忆能力无显著性影响。各组之间蛋白质点数目差异无统计学意义。质谱鉴定出4种表达下降的蛋白，分别为Serotransferrin；Glutathione peroxidase 3；Ig kappa chain C region, B allele；Collagen alpha-2(I) chain。结论短期睡眠剥夺对机体的损伤可能与铁离子代谢、氧化应激和免疫功能等有关。
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