轶纶聚酰亚胺短纤维耐化学性研究

摘要

The chemical resistance ofYilun polyimide staple fibers, exported polyimide staple fibers and polyamide imide staple fibers was investigated in various concentration of sodium hydroxide, nitric acid, sulphuric acid at different temperature and time and the resistance in boiling water and water vapour at different time. The results indicated that the alkali resistance of Yilun staple fibers is higher than that of imported polyimide staple fibers and polyamide imide, the dilute acids resistance is comparable for Yilun and the other fibers. However, the resistance of Yilun staple fibers in concentrated acids is much higher than the other fibers. The resistance of Yilun staple fibers and filter materials in water vapour is better than the other fibers and filter materials. By infrared analysis, test results show that the structure of fibers does not change apparently after treating in dilute acid and alkali.%用不同浓度硝酸、硫酸和氢氧化钠溶液在不同温度下处理不同的时间,分别对轶纶聚酰亚胺短纤维、进口聚酰亚胺短纤维及聚酰胺酰亚胺短纤维抗断裂强度保持情况、水蒸汽中处理24 h短纤维的抗断裂强度保持情况和滤料的收缩情况进行耐化学性试验。结果表明,轶纶短纤维耐氢氧化钠性能要明显好于进口聚酰亚胺短纤维和聚酰胺酰亚胺短纤维,长期耐硫酸性能及耐硝酸性能略好于进口聚酰亚胺短纤维,并且都好于聚酰胺酰亚胺短纤维,特别是轶纶短纤维耐受高浓度的硫酸及硝酸的性能要好于其它两种短纤维,轶纶短纤维及滤料耐水蒸汽性能要好于其它几种短纤维及滤料。同时,对轶纶短纤维进行了红外分析,测试结果表明它的结构在酸碱处理前后并没有变化。