初级阶段留学生背景与阅读测验表现的关系

摘要

Based on the results of Chinese reading test and questionnaires collected from 99 Chinese beginners from College of Chinese Language and Culture,Jinan University,this study discusses the relationship between the background variables (including the Chinese-character cultural background ,background of the ethnic Chinese and background of Chinese dialects) of elementary overseas students in TCSL and their reading test performance. The result indicates that the baekgnound of eth⁃nic Chinese is not a foundamental factor to the improvement of Chinese beginers ’reading competence, but the background of Chinese dialects and background of Chinese-character culture are the most important factors for the improvement of Chinese beginners’reading competence. In fact,the Chinese teaching should be different for beginners with different backgrounds. Therefore,Chinese beginners with different backgrounds should be classified into different classes,and the syllabus,text⁃book,teaching method and testing should also vary in different groups.%以暨南大学华文学院99名初级阶段留学生为研究样本，以自编的汉语初学者阅读测试和留学生个体背景因素调查问卷为研究工具，探讨了初级阶段留学生的汉语方言背景、族裔背景以及汉字文化圈背景三个方面的个体背景因素与其阅读测验表现的关系。研究结果表明，在初级阶段，族裔背景不是决定汉语初学者阅读测验表现存在差异的根本因素，而方言背景和汉字文化圈背景才是影响其阅读能力提高的最主要因素。面向不同个体背景汉语初学者的汉语教学，实际上属于不同性质的教学。因此，对于汉语初学者，应根据其个体背景因素的差异来合理分班，并根据相应群体，采用相应的教学大纲、教材、教学方法以及测试等。