越南高校汉语师资现状分析

摘要

This paper investigates the current situation of Chinese teachers in Vietnamese universities and colleges from three aspects from the macroscopic and microscopic perspectives, including the teachers��basic information such as the age, gender, numbers and educational background, the relevant policies of higher education in Vietnam such as the working time, the re⁃search requirements and the payment, and the policies by the Ministry of Education such as setting up Chinese major in differ⁃ent degrees, i.e., degree from junior colleges, bachelor��s degree, master��s degree and doctoral degree. In sum, there are eight problems:1. The distribution of teachers��age and gender is unreasonable. 2. The proportion between teachers and students is unbalanced. 3. Teachers��speciality and the courses they teach cannot match with each other. 4. Teachers are poorly paid and they lack the initiative of doing research. 5. Teachers are not totally qualified and they have to fulfill a lot of administrative work. 6. The outstanding local Chinese teachers are not sufficient. 7. There isn��t any related TCSL journal, association for Chi⁃nese language teachers, or forum for Chinese teaching. 8. The guidance by the Ministry of Education or the Vietnamese Higher Education Institutions is insufficient. In order to improve the present situation of Chinese teachers in Vietnamese universities and colleges, this paper puts forward some corresponding suggestions.%立足于宏观与微观的视角，从教师的基本信息，包括年龄、性别、数量和学历；高校相关政策制度，包括教师的工作时间、科研要求和薪酬待遇；教育部对高校开设汉语专业点的相关政策，包括开设“专、本、硕、博”汉语专业点的规定等三个方面，对越南高校汉语教师的现状进行了调查分析。越南高校师资存在的问题可总结为以下8种：1.越南高校汉语教师年龄和性别结构不合理；2.高校师生数量比例不合理；3.汉语教师攻读的专业课程与教授的课程不一致；4.汉语教师待遇偏低且做科研的积极性不高；5.汉语教师招聘质量低和行政工作繁重；6.越南高校缺乏本土高水平汉语教师；7.尚未创办汉语教学刊物、成立汉语教师协会与汉语教学论坛；8.国家教育部政策和高校政策缺乏明确的引导等。为了改善高校汉语教师的现状，提出了相应的解决建议。