主动全向声纳浮标适合跟踪安静型潜艇,由于目标针对性机动规避和浮标探测距离短,使得浮标消耗量大.在满足定位精度的条件下,如何优化布放浮标以便有效增加跟踪时间是一个亟待解决的问题.首先分析了浮标探测性能和浮标群相对位置对定位精度的影响；然后结合目标的一般规避措施和水下目标跟踪技术,提出了用主动全向声纳浮标跟踪潜艇的优化布放方法；最后仿真计算了该方法的跟踪性能及浮标消耗量.仿真结果表明该优化布放方法可行.%Active omni-directional sonobuoys are fit for tracking the quiet submarine, but the consumption of sonobuoys is large for its short detection range and the corresponding evading of targets. In order to effectively increase the tracking time, how to optimize deployment of sonobuoys, while satisfying the positioning accuracy, is an important problem. The detection performance of active buoys and positioning accuracy are firstly analyzed, and then underwater target tracking and evading technologies are simply summarized. On these bases, an optimization method of deploying active sonobuoys for submarine tracking is proposed. Finally, the tracking performance of the method and the buoy consumption are calculated by simulation. The results show that the optimal deployment method is feasible.
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