基于数据、信息、知识和智慧角度的国内外少儿科普图书案例研究

摘要

The human cognition from low to high is divided into data,information,knowledge and wisdom of these four levels in knowledge management systems. These four levels cover the interaction between man and the outside world of human cognition. The World Development Report published in 1988 took Knowledge and Development as its theme,it says that data is organized numbers,words,sounds,and images. Information is data which processed and arranged in a meaningful form. Knowledge is valuable information for the production. Wisdom is the comprehensive ability to use data, information and knowledge. As a cognitive activity, the content of science communication is nothing less than performance into data, information,knowledge and wisdom. This paper selects a number of children popular science booksat home and abroad, and takes a comparative analysis on these books. The purpose is to summarize the similarities and differences,thus propose constructive comments and ideas to increase the quality of our children popular science works.%知识管理系统中将人的认知从低到高划分为数据、信息、知识和智慧这四个层次，这四个层次大体上涵盖了人与外部世界互动过程中人类认知的表现形式。世界银行1988年出版的《世界发展报告》以“知识和发展”为主题，对数据、信息和知识的定义为：数据———经组织的数字、词语、声音、图像；信息———以有意义的形式加以排列和处理的数据；知识———用于生产的有价值的信息。而智慧则是对数据、信息和知识的综合运用能力。科学传播作为一种认知活动，它的内容也无外乎表现为数据、信息、知识和智慧这四个层次中的一种或多种。本文选取国内外少儿科普图书若干为案例，从数据、信息、知识和智慧四个方面对所选取的国内外少儿科普作品进行对比分析，归纳总结国内外作品间的异同，分析我们的缺失，从而提出提高我国少儿科普作品质量建设性的意见和思路。