公共博物馆教育功能的历史嬗变

摘要

The evolution of function in public museum education had been closely related to social environments which museums had rooted in and experienced from consciousness to social consensus. It was appropriate to analyze the factors of museum development under contemporary social backgrounds. The performance of museum education accompanied by museum development,it was cultivated and promoted during the process,and shifted from focusing on objects to human and society. The museum practices on education had well synchronized with the requirements of society. Furthermore,museums could make adjustments to achieve its development.%公共博物馆的教育功能，从蒙眬意识到达成社会共识，与博物馆所隶属的同时同地的社会历史大背景紧密关联，所以必须将其置于特定时代与社会大环境下来综合考虑。博物馆所承载功能的拓展与演变，也体现了博物馆自身的发展，并逐渐从最初注重对物的阐释转向对人乃至全社会的关照。随着对博物馆教育功能认识的深化，围绕博物馆开展的一系列教育实践日臻完善精细，并与社会需求与社会时代精神相契合。这也从侧面反映了博物馆的责任担当与自觉意识，能主动依据社会发展需求对自身的功能、定位进行不断的调整，以实现为社会和社会发展服务的使命。