全尺寸全空域高超声速等效模拟器原理及概念设计

摘要

A new concept of the hypersonic neutral beam generated from neutralizing the accelerated plasma jet by the helicon wave is proposed in this study. With the multi-neutral beams in parallel arrangement, a hypersonic gas field is formed to cover the full-scale cross-section about 0.5-3m2 of a hypersonic vehicle to simulate its aerodynamics and aerodynamic heating characteristics to minimize the differences between the model test and practical flights. A plasma jet is accelerated by the helicon wave to reach a parallel velocity in the range of 5-10 km/s, and is neutralized by a charge-exchange to form a neutral beam with particle density varying in the range of 1015-1021m-3, and the beam cross section is about 0.0314m2. The multi-neutral beam operation facility is defined as the full-scale hypersonic vehicle equivalent simulator, which can test the hypersonic vehicle on ground practically under the condition of the gas field density in the vehicle scale.%利用螺旋波电离加速并获得轴向速度约为5～10 km/s的等离子体束流，再经过电荷交换产生等速的定向高速气流。采用多束并联的工作方式模拟高速中性气流环境，实现对约0.5～3 m2的整个高超声速飞行器横截面积的覆盖，每一束气流的横截面积约为0.0314 m2，其密度在1015～1021 m-3范围可调。基于多束并联工作原理的模拟器称之为全尺寸全空域等效模拟器，能够用于高超声速飞行器的气动力学、气动加热等的地面研究，所获得的测量数据更加符合实际飞行状态，也可以解决缩比模型实验的相似性原理差异等技术难题。