利用过载开关和程序控制器的航天器减速着陆系统开伞控制方法

摘要

The control method of parachute deployment for spacecraft is a key part of the de-scent and landing system design, it directly affects the success of the descent and landing system.Aiming at the problem of low reliability and singleness mode of parachute deploy-ment control based on overload switch and time controller, a control method of parachute deployment based on the overload switch and program controller is presented which can ef-fectively identify the overload switch failure mode and provide control signals for parachute deployment reliably.The parameters setting method of overload switch,axial acceleration cal-culation of the re-entry capsule are raised,and the analysis of the error for axial accelera-tion,parachute deployment altitude and additional overload are given.Flight test shows that working mode of overload switch is well-judged, control precision of parachute deployment altitude meets requirement,and the design has a certain practical value and it also is safety and reliable.%开伞控制方法是减速着陆系统设计中的一个关键环节,它直接关系到减速着陆系统工作的成败.针对目前采用过载开关和时间控制器相结合的开伞控制方法工作模式单一的问题,提出一种利用过载开关和程序控制器的开伞控制方法,能够有效识别过载开关的不同故障模式,可靠地为回收系统提供开伞信号.文章给出了过载开关调试接通值、返回舱轴向过载系数等相关参数的计算方法,分析了轴向过载系数、开伞高度、附加过载等误差影响因素.某返回舱飞行试验结果表明:过载开关工作模式判断正确,开伞高度控制精度满足要求,开伞控制方法安全、可靠,具有一定的实用价值.