染色体加倍获得甘白(甘蓝型×白菜型油菜)杂交后代研究

摘要

为获得正常的甘白杂交后代,本研究利用地方白菜型品种资源雅安黄油菜与常规甘蓝型油菜进行种间杂交,对F0代种子在培养基上利用秋水仙素进行加倍处理,获得了染色体数目在40 ～58条的混倍体植株,混倍体植株在染色体数目、植株形态、花器官、生殖器官上都明显区别于非加倍杂交植株,并利用加倍提高了甘白杂交F1的自交结实率,获得了正常的F2代植株,说明对油菜种间杂交后代进行加倍处理可以在一定程度上克服由于染色体数目不配对、自交不亲和等现象带来的影响,提高杂交后代自交结实,获得正常的F2代植株.%In this study, the local resource, Ya'an yellow cabbage varieties (B. campestris L. ) , was crossed with the conventional oilseed rape {Brassica napus L. ) for interspecific hybrids to obtain the normal hybrids. F0 generation seeds were treated by colchicine and corresponding offsprings with the number of chromosomes from 40 to 58 were obtained. Those mixoploids showed different number of chromosomes, plant morphology, floral organs and reproductive organs compared with non-doubled hybrid plants. Chromosome doubling treatment increased the seed setting rate of selfing in F1 generation and normalized the chromosome separation in F2 generation. The results indicated that chromosome doubling treatment helped to overcome the obstacle of self-incompatibility and inconformity of chromosome, and then helped to increase the seed-setting rate in F1 and get normal plants in F2.