研究鲜穗烘干法下玉米杂交种桂单0810母本桂39722不同熟期种子的千粒重、发芽率及其种子发芽后3叶期幼苗各性状,为玉米单粒播种技术发展提供参考.结果表明:母本桂39722授粉后43 d(即第5期)种子的千粒重近于最大,发芽率最高;该期种子的幼苗的高度最高,简易活力指数最大,根干重和冠干重最大,发芽势最强;其根长、根数、根冠也较好,根冠生长协调,因此,鲜穗烘干法下桂39722的最佳收获时期为:从开始授粉日算起,有效积温达到780.7℃、穗位叶干枯时收获,可有效地保证桂单0810种子生产过程中的最佳产量及种子质量.实际生产中,6批裸种种子13次抽样发芽结果为正常苗89.00％～95.00％,平均为91.15％.%The seeds harvested at different maturity of Gui39722,the female parent of newly-developed maize hybrid Gui-dan 0810,were studied on their 1000-kernel weight,germination rate and traits expressed at 3 leaf seedling stage after germination of seeds to identify the best harvest time by the fresh cob dried method,and then to provide scientific basis for single-grain planting in maize production.The results showed that the seeds of Gui39722,the female parent of Gui-dan 0810,harvested at the time of 43 days after pollination (fifth harvest time) performed almost heaviest 1000-kernel weight and highest germination rate,and also expressed tallest seedling,largest simple vigor index,heaviest dry weight of crown and root with strongest seed vigor at 3 leaf seedling stage after germination,while its root length,root number and crown to root ratio performed better with a more coordinated growing for root and crown part.Therefore,under the method of artificial drying fresh cob,the best harvesting time of Gui39722 was when the effective accumulated temperature after pollination reached 780.7 ℃ and the ear leaf became dry rot.Harvested at this time,high yield and best seed vigor can be effectively guaranteed for the seed production of Gui-dan 0810.In actual production,the normal seedling rate was tested for 13 times sampling from the 6 lots of naked bulk seeds produced by farmers.The normal seedling rate ranged from 89.00 ％ to 95.00 ％,with an average of 91.15 ％,which showed a very satisfactory result for the seed field production of Gui-dan 0810.
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