在新-新贸易理论的基础上，利用我国2002-2011年的企业微观数据，通过倾向评分匹配和倍差法，研究企业转向比较优势行业对制造业全要素生产率的影响。研究结果表明：企业转向比较优势行业能够显著的提高制造业企业全要素生产率，采用不同的方法进行研究结果仍然是稳健的；从企业异质性的估计结果来看，民营企业、加工贸易为主的企业以及出口产品多样性的企业转向比较优势行业更有利于全要素生产率的提高；在企业转向比较优势行业时，全要素生产率随着出口阅历的增加而提高，但是出口强度的影响不显著；研发投入的影响不明显，但是人力资本是企业创新要素实现的决定性因素。%Based on the extension of the new-new trade theory, using China’s industrial enterprises data during 2002 and 2011 , and adopts a matching method to select the suitable control group for our treatment group, Study the influence of the change of enterprise’s comparative advantage on the total factor productivity of manufacturing industry. The results show that the change of enterprise’s comparative advantage can significantly improve the total factor productivity of manufacturing industry, and the research results are still robust by using different methods; From the estimation results of enterprise heterogeneity, the change of enterprise’s comparative advantage of private enterprises, processing trade based enterprises and export product diversity is more beneficial to the improvement of total factor productivity;In the transition of enterprise comparative advantage, total factor productivity increases with the increase of export experience, but the effect of export intensity is not significant;The impact of R&D investment is not obvious, but human capital is the decisive factor in the realization of enterprise innovation factors.
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