Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family members are multi-functional cytokines,which play pivotal roles in many physiological activities.TGF-β is synthesized as a pro-TGF-β precursor.Subsequently,the N-terminus of the immature protein is removed,and the new proteins form a homodimer.TGF-β mediates its biological functions via binding to receptors TβRⅠ and TβRⅡ,and then phosphorylates intracellular Smad proteins to activate signal pathway.Till now,most researches in TGF-β family are focused on TGF-β1,which is involved in immune,reproductive and liver functions,while just few studies about the other members of TGF-βand TGF-β receptors exist.%转化生长因子β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)是一类多效应细胞因子,在很多生理活动中发挥功能.TGF-β以前体形式合成,随后被切割活化形成成熟的TGF-β.TGF-β以二聚体的形式发挥作用,与受体TβRⅠ (transforming growth factor-β receptor Ⅰ)和TβRⅡ(transforming growth factor-β receptorⅡ)形成一个大型复合物后,磷酸化胞内的Smad,激活下游信号通路.鱼类中对TGF-β家族成员的研究主要集中在对TGF-β1的研究,包括TGF-β1与免疫相关和与生殖相关的功能,也有研究表明TGF-β1与肝功能相关.此外,有少量对TGF-β家族其他成员和TGF-β受体的研究.
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