秸秆全量还田条件下配施化肥对沿淮砂姜黑土培肥及玉米产量的影响

摘要

The effects of combined chemical fertilizer with return of total wheat straw on soil nutrients and maize yield of Shajiang black soil along Huai River were studied in June-October, 2010. The results showed that soil organic matter, total N, P, K and available N, P and K in the treatments of chemical fertilizer plus straw were significantly increased compared with CK (no fertilization) (P<0.05) and had a relative increase compared with CF (only chemical fertilizer) to some degree. Maize yields under the treatments of chemical fertilizer plus straw ranged between 6 644.4 and 7 562.9 kg/hm2, increased by 11.51%-26.92% than CF treatment. Moreover, the maximum of maize yield arrived in the treatment of chemical fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O: 135-60-90 kg/hm2) plus straw (7 500 kg/hm2), which was significantly larger than CF treatment (P<0.05).%通过2010年玉米季田间试验,初步探讨了秸秆全量还田下配施化肥对沿淮砂姜黑土培肥效果和玉米产量的影响.结果表明:秸秆全量(7 500kg/hm2)还田配施化肥条件下,耕层土壤有机质和土壤氮磷钾养分相对不施肥CK显著提高(P＜0.05),且相对单施化肥有一定程度的提高.产量上,单施化肥相对CK增产玉米50.7％；秸秆全量还田配施氮肥处理的玉米单产为6644.4～7 562.9 kg/hm2,较单施化肥处理增产11.51％ ～ 26.92％.值得一提的是,玉米单产以秸秆全量还田下配施化肥(N-P2O5-K2O为135-60-90 kg/hm2)最高,且显著高于单施化肥处理(P＜0.05).