山东省典型烟区烟叶重金属的外源调查

摘要

Samples of tobacco field soils in Mengying and Linqu counties and samples of fertilizers and irrigation water in Shandong Province were collected and the contents of As,Cd,Hg and Pb of these samples were measured.The results showed that the contents of As,Cd,Cr,Hg and Pb in tobacco field soils were 9.2％-84.5％,23.8％-86.7％,12.6％-43.8％,0.2％-78.0％ and 13.8％-47.9％ of the relative limits,respectively,but As,Cd and Hg in some fields were a bit high; the contents of As,Cd,Cr,Hg and Pb in fertilizers were 0.1％-17.5％,1.0％-71.9％,0-4.2％,0.2％-28.5％ and 0.36％-40.6％ of the relative limits,respectively,but Cd in potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer were a bit high; the contents of As,Cd,Cr,Hg and Pb in irrigation water were 0-3.9％,0.5％-1.1％,0-1.1％,0-6.9％ and 0.5％-4.5％ of the relative limits,respectively.So the soils,fertilizers and irrigation water in Shandong were all at the safety levels.%采集山东省典型烟叶种植片区蒙阴县和临朐县的烟田土壤以及山东省主要的烟草肥料和烟田灌溉水体样品,分析了其中的重金属含量,并与国家相应标准中的限量进行了对比.结果表明:①烟田土壤中As含量为限量标准的9.2％ ～ 84.5％,Cd为23.8％ ～ 86.7％,Cr为12.6％ ～ 43.8％,Hg为0.2％～78.0％,Pb为13.8％～47.9％,目前尚均属安全级别,但个别烟田的土壤As、Cd、Hg含量偏高.②烟草肥料中As含量为限量标准的0.1％～17.5％,Cd为1.0％～71.9％,Cr为0～4.2％,Hg为0.2％ ～ 28.5％,Pb为0.36％～40.6％,目前尚均属安全级别,但天然硫酸钾镁肥和磷肥中Cd含量相对较高.③灌溉水体中As含量为限量标准的0～ 3.9％,Cd为0.5％～1.1％,Cr为0～1.1％,Hg为0～46.9％,Pb为0.5％ ～ 4.5％,绝大部分灌溉水体中重金属含量远低于限量标准,均属安全级别.