农业景观分类探讨及其应用——以北京市峪口镇为例

摘要

美丽乡村建设的核心内容是建构和实施现代农业景观规划.农业景观规划与管理的基础工作是进行农业景观分类.本文在界定农业景观内涵的基础上,根据我国农业景观特征和美丽乡村建设的需求,基于农业景观主导功能、土地利用类型、微地貌形态以及土壤条件等分类指标,构建了一种农业景观分类方法体系.以北京市峪口镇为案例区进行了实证研究,划分出4个农业景观类(农业生产、农业服务设施、农村聚落和农业生态景观)、15个农业景观亚类和46个农业景观单元.结果表明,该方法兼顾了农业景观的主导功能和空间形态特征,能够满足美丽乡村建设中农业景观规划的需要.%The vital content of the beautiful countryside construction is to setup and implement the planning of modern agricultural landscape, which takes agricultural landscape classification as one of the bases. In this paper, on the basis of the definition and the characteristics of agricultural landscape in China as well as the requirements of the new countryside construction, the classification methodology of agricultural landscape was proposed on the bases of considering leading functions, land use types, micro-topography and soil conditions of agricultural landscape. A case study was conducted in Yukou Town of Pinggu District of Beijing, where 4 classes, 15 subclasses, and 46 units of agricultural landscape were classified and mapped with Geo-statistics models and GIS. Results showed that this methodology takes into account of the natural and human factors of agricultural landscape, thus, can not only reflect the leading function and spatial morphological characteristics of agricultural landscape, but also meet the requirements of agricultural landscape planning in the beautiful countryside construction.