腾冲县2007-2013年居民伤害死亡原因分析

摘要

[目的]了解腾冲县居民伤害死亡发生特点、变化及其对居民健康的影响程度，为进一步开展伤害的预防和卫生规划提供依据。[方法]腾冲县2007-2013年居民死因监测数据，用中国疾病预防控制中心死因监测数据清洗与分析工具（2010）、Excel 2003和SPSS17.0软件进行数据统计、分析。[结果]2007-2013年,腾冲县伤害死亡2795例，伤害粗死亡率61.67/10万，标化死亡率64.83/10万，占总死亡的13.02%，居全死因顺位的第3位。7年监测数据显示伤害死亡率总体呈上升趋势，其中道路交通事故死亡率上升最明显。前5位伤害死因依次为：道路交通事故、自杀、意外跌落、砸死、其他意外事故和有害效应，占伤害死亡的76.71%。男性年平均死亡率86.72/10万，标化率90.80/10万；女性年平均死亡率35.02/10万，标化率37.08/10万，男性伤害死亡率高于女性，是女性的2.48倍，道路交通事故和自杀是导致腾冲县男性和女性伤害死亡的主要原因。不同年龄组伤害导致的主要死亡原因不同，0～岁主要是意外的机械性窒息，1～14岁以淹死为主，15～44岁组以道路交通事故为主，45～64岁以道路交通事故为主，65岁及以上年龄组以意外跌落为主。[结论]伤害已成为腾冲县居民死亡的主要原因之一，应根据其变化特点开展针对性的综合防治措施。%ObjectiveTo understand the injury death pattern and trend as well as the influence to people’s health so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of injury and health planning. Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on death cause surveillance data in Tengchong from 2007 to 2013 by 2010cleaning and analysis tools of Death Monitoring data of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Excel 2003 and SPSS 17.0.Results Totally 2795 injury deaths were reported in Tengchong from 2007 to 2013, the injury crude mortality was 61.67/1000,00, and the standard death rate was 64.83/1000,00, accounting for 13.02% of the total deaths, ranked third among all death causes. Seven years monitoring statistics show that the injury death rate increased in general and the mortality of traffic accident increased obviously. The first five injury death causes were successively traffic accident, suicide, accidental falling down, deadfall and other injuries, accounting for 76.71% of the injury deaths. The gender specific average annual death rate and standard death rate were 86.72/1000,00 and 90.80/1000,00 respectively in males and 35.02/1000,00 and 37.08/1000,00 in females. The injury mortality in males was 2.48 times higher than that in females. The major death causes were traffic accident and suicide in males and females. The main cause of injury death is dissimilar in different age groups. Accidental mechanical asphyxia was the major death reason in age group 0-years-old,drowning was the major death cause in age group 1-years-old, traffic accident was the main death cause in age groups both 15-years-old and 45-years-old, and accidental falling down was the main cause in age group sixty-five and above.Conclusions Injury has become one of the major deaths causes in the residents in Tengchong , it is necessary to conduct comprehensive prevention and control according to the change trend of injury death causes.