用于船舶平衡的压载物分布和重量计算

摘要

For a cargoboat, how to select a ballast cabin and to adjust flow when loading a cargo in different cabins? The authors choose the optimization ballast cabin according as mechanical theoretics and figure out the barycenter and metacentre according as theoretics of the static balance of ship and find the connection between obliquity and cargo. The handlers must add ballast to avoid slant of the ship when the obliquity gets max. The ballast flow can be controlled in effect using a computer to control the valve inlet.%散货船在不同货物舱装货时选择哪个压载舱来配平,在货物舱注入货物时候如何调节流量来保持船舶即时平衡,这些问题涉及到船舶的重心和稳心.本文依据力学平衡理论,选择出最优压载舱；依据船舶静态平衡理论和微积分算法,计算出装货过程中船舶变化的重心和稳心,以及船舶倾斜角度与装载货物的关系.当达到船舶允许的最大倾斜角后,操作者就必须给压载舱注入压载物以避免船舶过度倾斜.利用计算机控制阀门开度可以有效控制压载物的流量.