水下航行器小通道内蒸汽冷凝换热计算分析

摘要

针对水下航行器用冷凝器的结构特性和使用环境，建立冷凝器中小通道内蒸汽冷凝换热过程的焓值模型，对流换热系数模型和压力模型。根据4种不同的换热系数计算式，求解对应关系式下的焓值、温度、压力和干度仿真值，并结合实验数据进行对比分析，得到在单相区采用 D-B关联式，在两相区采用 A-R关联式，计算的结果误差最小。并以此为基础，对小通道的截面尺寸进行计算分析，计算结果表明：当通道截面宽度为6 mm时，小通道具有较好的流动换热能力，为水下航行器的工程设计提供重要参考。%According to the underwater environment and use structural characteristics of the condenser of underwater vehicle, the paper develops the the model of enthalpy, the model of convective heat transfer coefficient and the model of pressure. Based on the four kinds of formula of heat transfer coefficient, the paper solves the simulation value of the enthalpy, temperature, pressure and dry degree, and compared them with the experimental data. The results show that using the D-B correlation in the single-phase region and using A-R correlation in two-phase region, the simulation results is most consistent with experimental data. And based on this, this paper calculates and analyzes the cross section size of the small channel. The results show that when the width is 6 mm, the small channel has a good flow and heat transfer capability, and provide an important reference for the engineering design of underwater vehicle.