预防性人乳头瘤病毒疫苗Gardasil和Cervarix的临床应用

摘要

Oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer and anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. A bivalent vaccine Cervarix and a quadrivalent vaccine Gardasil have been applying in vaccination programs around the world. Some highly immunogenic, safe, and effective vaccines are now available to control HPV-related diseases with proven efifcacy against diseases at many anatomical sites, including the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, and penis ones. The data from pre-licensure and post-licensure studies have showed that both Cervarix and Gardasil are vaccines with high safety. However, there are some barriers in the promotion and application of HPV vaccination.%人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomavirus, HPV）感染可能导致宫颈癌、肛门生殖器癌和口咽癌。目前，已得到世界范围内应用的HPV疫苗主要有二价疫苗Cervarix和四价疫苗Gardasil。高免疫原性、安全、有效的HPV疫苗可预防和控制多个部位，包括宫颈、外阴、阴道、肛门和阴茎等的HPV感染相关疾病。上市前、后的研究都显示， Cervarix和Gardasil具有很高的安全性。但其推广应用也面临一些问题。