高通量分子标记技术辅助回交选育高油酸花生新种质

摘要

以山东大花生鲁花14号(LH14)为母本、高油酸花生开农176(KN176)为父本配置杂交组合,再以LH14为轮回亲本历经4次回交获得BC4F1,期间用TaqMan探针标记技术辅助杂种AhFAD2B基因型选择;BC4F1经连续自交、田间筛选并辅助KASP分子标记鉴别后代籽粒AhFAD2B基因的基因型,获得基因型aabb的BC4F5株系10个,它们分别来源于BC4F1代7个单株.分析这10个株系产量及品质性状,结果显示各株系结果集中,单株平均荚果数、果型与母本LH14相似,油酸含量为68.67%～77.93%;其中7 个株系的百果重、饱果率和6 个株系的百仁重分别比对照 LH14 提高0.02% ～16.05%、4.55% ～12.31%和0.05% ～9.41%.综合各株系田间表现及籽粒品质指标,最终选择油酸含量高于70%的7个BC4F5代株系进行DUS测试、品种区试和生产试验.TaqMan探针标记与KASP标记结合应用于高油酸品种选育过程中,大大减少了田间选择的工作量,提高了回交选育高油酸花生的效率.%The cross combination,Luhua 14 (LH14)×Kainong 176 (KN176),was made using large-seeded peanut cultivar LH14 as female parent and KN176 with high oleic acid content as male parent.Fur-thermore,using LH14 as recurrent parent,BC4F1generation was obtained by successive backcrosses for 4 times.The AhFAD2B genotype single plant from each generation (including F1and BC1F1-BC4F1)was de-termined by TaqMan probe method.Ten lines of BC4F5generation derived from 7 single plants of BC4F1were obtained by continuous self-crossing through screening in field by agronomic traits combined with genotype i-dentification of AhFAD2B gene by high-throughput KASP molecular marker.These 10 BC4F5lines with aabb genotype were evaluated in yield and quality traits.The results showed that the average pod number and pod shape of each line were similar to those of maternal LH14,and the oleic acid content of different lines ar- ranged from 68.67% to 77.93%.Compared with LH14,the weight of hundred pods and percent of plump pods per plant in 7 lines,and the hundred -kernel weight in 6 lines increased by 0.02% ～16.05%, 4.55%～12.31 % and 0.05%～9.41%,respectively.According to overall performance of agronomic char-acters and kernel quality,7 BC4F5lines with oleic acid content above 70%were chosen for DUS test,variety regional trail and production test.The effective application of TaqMan probe method and high -throughput KASP technology in high -oleic peanut breeding greatly reduced the workload of selection in field and im-proved the breeding efficiency.