研发产业演化动力、发展障碍及路径探究

摘要

Business on the enterprise' business chain is pressed ahead with marketization and industrialization, which is a new trend of the development of economic organization. Enterprise research and development undergo three phases-economy of scale, economy of division and modular economy. R&D starts from a chance event, then becomes the core part of an enterprise and eventually de-velops into a kind of product or service on the market. R&D industry' evolution is a process that R&D displays enterprise internali-zation and then gradually externalization. The development of R&D Industry encounters some obstacles like a high threshold for en-tering market and information asymmetry, the development of science and technology will gradually shortening obstacles, R&D in-dustry is becoming mature.%　　经济组织发展的新趋势是企业业务链上链节的市场化及产业化。企业研发经历了规模经济、分工经济以及模块化经济3个阶段，从发明家的偶然作为到成为企业的心脏，最终演化成市场的一种产品或服务。研发产业演化是一个企业内部化而后逐步外部化的过程。研发产业面临进入门槛高与信息不对称风险等发展障碍，而科学技术及社会进步能不断弱化研发产业发展障碍，使研发产业逐步走向成熟。