中国海洋科技资源配置研究

摘要

Based on the present situation of China's marine science and technology resource allocation ,two key academic problems are discussed .This paper attempts to explore and define the connotation of "marine science and technology gra‐dient",and initially constructs a "marine science and technology gradient coefficient measurement model"for the sea -re‐lated cities .Based on this ,this paper collects the data of marine scientific research institutions from 2001 to 2014 ,and measures marine science and technology efficiency and gradient of china's sea‐related cities .Then this paper discusses regu‐larity of China's marine science and technology resource allocation .The regularities are as follows :the China's marine sci‐ence and technology resource shows that ,"higher in the east and north ,lower in the west and south"in the regional distri‐bution ,"strong rise of Beijing ,Shanghai and Guangzhou oriented in administration","Shenzhen ,Nanning ,Shenyang and Jinan had advantage of backwardness oriented in policy".Finally ,the reasons for the formation of the marine science and technology resource allocation are discussed ,and the countermeasures are formed .%基于中国海洋科技资源配置现状，提出了当前存在的两个关键学术问题。探讨了“海洋科技梯度”的内涵定义，构建了基于涉海城市的“海洋科技梯度系数测度改进模型”；搜集整理了2001—2014年海洋科研机构的科技统计数据，在海洋科技创新效率测度的基础上，测算了全国涉海城市的海洋科技梯度，深入分析了我国海洋科技资源配置的总体规律。研究表明：我国海洋科技资源配置在区域空间上呈现“东高北高、南低中西低”布局，以行政为导向呈现出北上广的强势崛起，以政策为导向呈现出深圳、南宁、沈阳、济南等的后发优势。最后，讨论了当前海洋科技资源配置的形成原因，并提出了对策建议。