创业导向如何影响企业绩效——模糊集定性比较分析

摘要

现有关于创业导向与企业绩效关系的研究大多建立在相关性分析方法上,将创业导向作为一种聚合构念进行探讨,无法解释实践中创业导向复杂多样的表现形式与企业绩效的内在关联.将创业导向解构为创新性、风险承担性及先动性3个维度,基于集合论思想,构建包含组织规模、环境动荡性及组织双元能力等权变因素在内的创业导向绩效机制模型,通过对211个样本企业进行模糊集定性比较分析,得出高企业绩效产生的4种因果机制.结果表明,创新性是企业获取高绩效的关键,风险承担性和先动性与企业绩效的关系受权变因素影响.研究结论为目前创业导向理论研究提供了新视角,也为复杂情境下企业创业导向战略实践提供了支持.%Most prior research on entrepreneurial orientation treat its features as an aggregate construct to investigate its influence on firm performance,ignoring complex relationships among different features.This study deconstructs entrepreneurial orientation into Innovativeness,Risk-taking and Proactiveness ,and investigates how entrepreneurial orientation dimensions and contingenciesinfluence firm performance collectively by using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis.The results show that,innovativeness is a core-necessary condition of high firm performance,however,the importance of risk-taking and proactiveness are depend on different contingencies The results are beneficial for the development and application of entrepreneurial orientation in China,and offer new insights into causally complex issues in strategic management field.