基于主成分与聚类分析的35个苹果品种多酚综合评价

摘要

The purpose of this research was to investigate the variations between apple varieties and polyphenols,varieties and contents of polyphenols from 35 apple varieties were analyzed,interrelationships between apple varieties and polyphenols were investigated by correlation,principal component (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA).Results showed that there were obvious differences between apple varieties and polyphenols,some polyphenols had the significant relationship.The first four components represented 75％ of the total variability on the base of the total variance explained and screen plot of principal component analysis.The first principal component was related to hyperoside,procyanidins B2,and the second principal component was related to phloridzin.The sample score plots visually displayed the relationship between apple varieties and polyphenols.The varieties of Qinyang,Gala Ⅰ and Gala Ⅱwere located on the first quadrant of the plot for PC1 and PC2,these apple varieties were early-maturing varieties,Brachyplast Huaguan,Huaxing Huacui were located on the second quadrant of the same plot,they were middle-maturing varieties,Golden Delicious,Fuji,Qinguan were located on the fourth quadrant of the same plot.CA classified 35 varieties into five main groups on the basis of the measured parameters,which was consistent with the results of PCA score plots.Comprehensively evaluated of different apple varieties and polyphenols will provide the theoretical support.%为了探讨苹果品种间多酚的差异,本研究采集了35个苹果品种为试材进行多酚种类和含量的测定,采用相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析对不同苹果品种和多酚的关系进行综合评价.结果表明:35个不同苹果品种的多酚组成和含量差异明显,部分多酚之间存在显著相关关系;依据主成分解释总变量和碎石图提取了4个主成分反应原变量75％的信息,第一主成分(Principal Component 1,PC1)主要包括金丝桃苷、原花青素B2,第二主成分(Principal Component 2,PC2)主要包括根皮苷,结合得分图直观地显示了苹果品种和多酚间关系,秦阳、嘎啦一系、嘎啦二系分布在PC1和PC2的正向区间,属于早熟品种,短枝华冠、华星、华脆分布在PC2负向区间,属于中熟品种,黄元帅、富士、秦冠分布在PC1负向区间,属于晚熟品种.聚类分析将35个苹果品种分为5类,聚类结果与主成分的得分图结果基本一致.本实验对不同苹果品种中多酚进行的综合评价为苹果原材料的选择和多酚的综合利用提供理论支持.