航空活塞发动机火花塞积铅分析与预测

摘要

For the sparkplug lead fouling with applying high-lead gasoline reciprocating aeroengine engine, the chemical reaction process of tetraethyl lead is analyzed, the mechanism of sparkplug lead fouling is observed. It analyzed the influence factors of sparkplug lead fouling and put forward 5 kinds of measures to reduce lead fouling base on reciprocating aeroengine maintenance and operation. In order to reveal the variation rule of sparkplug lead fouling quantity, the grey system theory is put forward to establish the traditional GM( 1,1) model and the equidi-mensional GM (1,1) model of adding new information. Experimental results show that the calculation value of grey model is close to the measured data, the equidimensional GM( 1,1) model of adding new information is more precise than the traditional GM( 1,1) model,is more suitable for the prediction of sparkplug lead fouling quantity. The grey prediction model of sparkplug lead fouling quantity will provide theory basis to establish scientific cleaning schedule of sparkplug lead fouling.%针对使用高铅汽油的航空活塞发动机火花塞积铅的问题,分析了四乙基铅的化学反应过程.得出了火花塞积铅的机理.从发动机维护和使用的角度,分析了影响火花塞积铅的因素.提出了5种减少积铅的措施.为揭示火花塞积铅量的变化规律,采用灰色系统理论分别建立了火花塞积铅量预测的传统GM(1,1)模型和等维新信息GM(1,1)模型.试验验证结果表明,灰色预测模型的计算值与实测值较吻合.等维新信息GM(1,1)模型比传统GM(1,1)具有更高的预测精度,更适合于火花塞积铅量的预测.火花塞积铅量的灰色预测模型可为科学制定火花塞积铅的清洗计划提供理论依据.