脉冲辅助的借力飞行轨道设计

摘要

Taking the Mars exploration trajectory design with gravity-assist from Venus as background. A method , with impulse, for solving the unmatched problem which may exist in the velocity before and after the gravity-assist has been proposed. The effect of the velocity and energy before and after the gravity-assist has been analyzed. Then, combining the analyzes of the theory of gravity-assist, taking this method in the mars exploration trajectory design with gravity-assist from Venus, and optimizing the parameter of the gravity-assist trajectory with Genetic Algorithm. At last, the conclusion that the gravity-assist with impulse needs less energy, is obtained from comparing with the total needed energy of the method of gravity-assist and the deep-space maneuver.%以借助金星引力的火星探测器轨道设计为背景,针对借力前后可能存在的速度不匹配问题,提出了一种脉冲辅助借力的解决方式.分析了脉冲大小和脉冲作用方向对借力前后速度和能量的影响.其次,结合借力过程的理论分析,将之用到金星借力的火星轨道设计中,用遗传算法对借力飞行轨道的参数进行优化.最后,通过与无动力借力方式和深空机动方式所需要总能量大小的比较,得出脉冲辅助借力飞行方式需要更低能量的结论.