The precision between standard inverse algorithm and variational assimilation algorithm with GRACE Satellite data in the range of China and the surrounding areas are compared. At the same time, the applicability in different heights is explored. MATLAB is used to achieve standard inverse algorithm. Match the conventional radiosonde data to the results of standard inverse algorithm. Similarly, match the level 2 data results which are processed by variational assimilation algorithm to the results of standard inverse algorithm. Then the spatial distribution law about the errors of two different methods is researched. The precision and the reliability of the atmospheric refractive index and the atmospheric Intensity of pressure which are retrieved by variational assimilation algorithm are better. On the interval which is less than the maximum height of ascending balloon about 10 km, the precision of the atmospheric temperature which is retrieved by standard inverse algorithm is higher than the data which is retrieved by variational assimilation algorithm clearly. And the maximum height of ascending balloon is the most closely related to the weather conditions. It is conclused that atmospheric refractive index and the atmospheric Intensity of pressure could be achieved better by the direct use of the level 2 data results which is supplied by European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts. On the other hand, the height interval is demarcated to deal with the atmospheric temperature.%在我国及周边地区范围内,利用GRACE卫星资料比较标准反演法和变分同化法的精度并探讨其在不同高度下的适用性.研究方法:用MATLAB实现标准反演法,分别将常规无线电探空资料以及变分同化处理得到的2级数据成果与之匹配,研究两种处理方法的误差在空间上的分布规律.研究结果:变分同化法反演出的大气折射率、大气压强比标准反演法得到的结果精度更高更可靠.在探空气球的上升极限高度以下10 km左右的区间上,标准反演法得出的大气温度的精度明显高于同分变化处理得到的数据精度,而探空气球的上升极限高度和天气情况的关系最密切.研究结论:大气折射率、大气压强直接采用欧洲中尺度天气预报中心提供的2级数据可以达到更好的效果.计算大气温度宜采用根据天气状况划分高度区间的方法处理.
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